HGF and cancer: Moreover, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-22, growth factors such as EGF, HGF, VEGF, chemokines such as C-X-C motif chemokine ligands (CXCLs), CXCL-1, CXCL-8, CXCL-12 (SDF-1α) and CXCL-14, and C-C motif chemokine ligands (CCLs), CCL-2, CCL-5, and CCL-7 are involved in the recruitment of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs).