Using a diet-induced animal model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (DIAMOND), we have also detected a reduced proportion of CD4+ to CD8+ T cells, chronic inflammation, as well as predominant inflammatory T helper 1 cells (Th1), M1 macrophages, and NKT cells during the progression of NAFLD to HCC [5,6]. Here, CD4 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.