TLR9 and cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia: In support of the downregulation of TLR-9 by HPV, a low expression of TLR-9 was found in HPV16-positive cervical biopsies compared to HPV-negative normal tissues [62], although several studies have demonstrated an increased expression of TLR-9 in cervical cancer samples of women with HPV infections, squamous intraepithelial cervical lesions and cancer [64,65,66,67].