Consequentially, the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway undergoes uninhibited hyper-activation, upregulating downstream molecular mediators, such as carbonic anhydrase IX(CAIX), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [81,181,184], which will then proceed to drive carcinogenesis, stimulating tumor growth and progression. Here, CA9 is linked to neoplasm.