Promisingly, Kidney-Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1), a glycoprotein specific to proximal tubular structures and well-established as a reliable urinary/plasmatic immunocytochemistry marker for the diagnosis of acute tubular necrosis/injury in acute renal insufficiency, has shown the ability to predict RCC occurrence, as early as five years before initial diagnosis [223,224]. Here, HAVCR1 is linked to renal cell carcinoma.