A significant increase in UCHL1 concentrations in asphyxiated calves may be an indicator of hypoxic-ischemic damage [9,12,48,49], and we believe that it can be a useful diagnostic marker in the detection of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy due to asphyxia in perinatal calves. The gene discussed is UCHL1; the disease is perinatal asphyxia.