In the present study, S100A7 expression and secretion can be induced with estradiol in gMECs, which shows that estradiol acted as an anti-inflammatory mediator due to the broad spectrum antibacterial activity of S100A7 [16]; therefore, the high incidence of mastitis during the perinatal period may be relative to the level of estrogens, and the other functions of S100A7 also cannot be ignored [16]. The gene discussed is S100A7; the disease is mastitis.