SNAI1 and carcinoma: Several studies have suggested that carcinoma cells activate SNAIL signaling and secrete large quantities of TGFB1 protein, together with other immunoregulatory cytokines and chemokines to accelerate EMT transformation (Wrzesinski et al., 2007; Teicher, 2007; Scheel et al., 2011), which act as immunosuppressive factors that induce regulatory T cells (Tregs) and attenuate the cytolytic activities of natural killer (NK) cells (Bellone et al., 1995; Viel et al., 2016).