For example, the log2FC of genes in the ESCC genome with amplification mutations, such as MYC, TP63, CCND1, VEGFA, and SNAI2 (Song et al., 2014; Liu et al., 2016; Sawada et al., 2016; Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network et al., 2017), increased gradually from Subtype 1 to Subtype 3 (Figure 2B). This evidence concerns the gene TP63 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.