These regions contained tumor-related genes, such as Muc16, Pik3, and Bcl2 in amplification regions and Hras, Notch1, Apc2, Ccnd1, Batf2, Dapk3, Smarca4, Traf2, Traf3, Cdk3, and Cdh4 in deletion regions (Fig. 4A). Here, HRAS is linked to neoplasm.