Several studies have implicated DPP4 as a leukemic stem cell marker in chronic myeloid leukemia43–45, and recent studies of human AML have linked increased DPP4 expression to a poorer overall survival46 and have associated AML-derived DPP4 with the suppression of normal hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation47. Here, DPP4 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.