MUC1 and ovarian cancer: (Perales-Puchalt et al., 2019) A randomised phased II trial of PANVAC, a viral DNA vaccine consisting of human genes expressing CEA and MUC-1 and 3 T-cell costimulatory molecules in metastatic breast and ovarian cancer, showed improved progression free survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer and ovarian cancer when used in combination with other chemotherapy.