CCL5 and thromboangiitis obliterans: In addition, the IgG in pooled serum samples obtained from GD patients initiated the mTor/FRAP/Akt/p70s6k signaling pathway and induced the expression of the chemokine called RANTES (regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted) and IL-16 in orbital fibroblasts from TAO patients [44, 45], which play important roles in the trafficking of cells to sites of tissue destruction and remodeling [46, 47].