The major variants of PfEMP1 that have been associated with specific malaria syndromes are those that bind EPCR (involved in severe malaria); variants that bind both ICAM-1 and EPCR (involved in CM); a unique variant, VAR2CSA, that binds CSA (involved in placental malaria); and variants that bind uninfected RBCs (involved in rosetting), as will be discussed below. This evidence concerns the gene ICAM1 and malaria.