TGFB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: The CAFs produce angiogenic factors, such as VEGF, TGF-β1, EGF, Ang-1, Ang-2, PDGF, MMPs, and FDF, which are essential for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) initiation, progression, and metastatic development, as well as the growth of new vessels.