HGF and neoplasm: TANs play an important role in tumor metastasis and angiogenesis due to their ability to release a variety of proangiogenic and immunosuppressive factors such as VEGF, IL-1β, TGF-α, FGF2, HGF, and Ang-1; as well as chemokines including CXCL1, CXCL10, CXCL9, CXCL8, CCL4, and CCL3; and enzymes involved in ECM remodeling (MMP-9) [54].