Gupta et al. [51] found that in bovine paratuberculosis induced by Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, lncRNA (XLOC-033995) can regulate the expression level of its adjacent inflammatory signal factor TNFAIP3 and participate in immune response related to NF-κB, organelle fission pathways, which affects the inflammatory response process of macrophages to infection, and ultimately regulates the pathogenesis of bovine paratuberculosis. This evidence concerns the gene TNFAIP3 and infection.