Consistent with this finding, a recent study found that a cluster of 13 of 46 adult AML diagnostic BM samples (28%) had above-median basal expression of TLR4 and 8 and sharply higher expression levels of S100A8/9, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα following TLR4 stimulation with LPS48. Here, S100A8 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.