Together with an increased expression of IL-8 (a potent chemotactic factor for myeloid cells) in the AD-CSF, which is positively correlated with IL-6 and MIP-1α (CCL3, a ligand of CCR5) expression, we propose that, in AD, CCR5-expressing myeloid cells including monocytes are recruited into the CSF, become activated and associated to the activation of adaptive immune cells. The gene discussed is CCL3; the disease is Alzheimer disease.