Other transcription factors altered in male PD patients (i.e., BATF, CEBPA, ETS1, KLF6, LYL1, NFKB1, RELA, SOX13, SP3, SPI1, STAT1, STAT2, and STAT3) may participate in neuroinflammatory processes and regulate various functions of the immune response. This evidence concerns the gene SPI1 and Parkinson disease.