Other transcription factors altered in male PD patients (i.e., BATF, CEBPA, ETS1, KLF6, LYL1, NFKB1, RELA, SOX13, SP3, SPI1, STAT1, STAT2, and STAT3) may participate in neuroinflammatory processes and regulate various functions of the immune response. The gene discussed is SP3; the disease is Parkinson disease.