TGFB1 and bacterial urinary tract infection: In ovarian cancer cells, UTI was found effective in inhibiting uPA expression induced by TGF-β1-mediated calcium release, which is a common signaling response in malignant and non-malignant cells treated with a variety of growth factors [7], as well as in inhibiting plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) and collagen synthesis through inhibition of TGF-β1 receptor clusterization [62].