GSEA comparing CML c-KITlo LT-HSCs and normal c-KITlo LT-HSCs showed that CML c-KITlo LT-HSCs were enriched for inflammatory signaling (TNF-α/NF-κB, IL-6/JAK/STAT3; inflammatory response), Hedgehog signaling, and cell cycle (G2M checkpoint, mitotic spindle, E2F targets) signatures, whereas normal c-KITlo LT-HSCs were enriched for OXPHOS, fatty acid metabolism, and interferon signatures (Figure 2E). Here, TNF is linked to chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.