According to the inclusion criteria, 138 PCa patients (mean age: 71 y, range: 50–87 y) were enrolled in our study and randomized 1:1 to the [18F]fluciclovine (n = 69) or the [18F]fluorocholine (n = 69) group, resulting homogeneously for PSA value, PSA kinetics and clinical-histological features. Here, KLK3 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.