Direct stimulation of these pathways via transfection of dsDNA (Figure 7C) or treatment with recombinant IFN-β (rIFN-β) (Figure 7D) also led to downregulation of Srsf6 transcript abundance, as did infection with the gram-negative bacterial pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (Figure 7E), engagement of TLR-4 via LPS (Figure 7F) and infection with the RNA virus VSV (Figure 7G). Here, TLR4 is linked to infection.