Astrogliosis was indicated by enrichment of NFAT/calcineurin signaling, which is considered critical for astrocyte activation (Furman and Norris, 2014; Kipanyula et al., 2016) and Rac1 signaling that has recently been shown to control astrogliosis in the context of brain injury (Ishii et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene RAC1 and injury.