WWOX and hepatocellular carcinoma: In the hepatocellular carcinoma, toosendanin functions as WW-domain containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) agonist and thereby inhibits tumor metastasis by the inhibition of JAK2/Stat3 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways (Yang et al., 2021a; Yang et al., 2021b).