GJC1 and cardiomyopathy: Zhang et al. demonstrated for the first time in 2011 that DOX suppresses cardiac expression of Cx43 and Cx45, leading to loss of Cx43/Cx45 junction channels and subsequent spatial GJ remodeling, resulting in progressive cardiac dysfunction (the development of DOX-induced cardiomyopathy) and left ventricular remodeling (Zhang et al., 2011).