Similar to findings in our study, Ham and Shon28 showed in an RCT that consumption of natural magnesium-enriched deep sea water containing 350 mg of magnesium per day improves insulin resistance of patients with pre-diabetes where fasting insulin and HOMA-IR values of the patients who consumed balanced deep sea water (BDSW) came to be significantly lower than those of the placebo group after eight weeks. This evidence concerns the gene INS and Insulin resistance.