CAV1 and atherosclerosis: For instance, Cav-1 absence in aortic endothelial inhibits atherosclerosis by attenuating LDL transcytosis and enhancing autophagic flux (59, 60), while in macrophages Cav-1 promotes THP-1 differentiation, ABCA1 expression and cholesterol efflux (57, 61, 62).