Our in vitro transcriptome data largely support biomarkers previously identified for NP and AF cells in vivo (Li et al., 2019a; Li et al., 2019b), except that Snap25 was higher in NP over AF cells in vitro, which could be a 2D culture effect (Minogue et al., 2010; Li et al., 2019b). The gene discussed is SNAP25; the disease is atrial fibrillation.