IL6 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Deng et al showed that adipose tissue exosomes which were taken from obese mice explants had higher levels of TNF-a, IL-6, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance compared to non-obese mice and interestingly, these small EVs were observed to cause inflammatory reactions and subsequent obesity-associated insulin resistance in slim mice (Koliha et al., 2016).