Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall, has been reported to be associated with various inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10 and TGF-β, which are associated with Tregs [25] as well as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17, which are associated with Th1 and Th17 cells [26]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to atherosclerosis.