During the initiation of atherosclerosis, (Figure 8(a)) TGF-β1 (3,309 ± 196 vs 2,567 ± 115 pg/mL, respectively; P = 0.008) and IL-10 (24.95 ± 1.07 vs 19.70 ± 0.63 pg/mL, respectively; P = 0.002) expressions were promoted in the mice treated with IL-27 compared with those treated with PBS, while IFN-γ (17.85 ± 1.47 vs 25.50 ± 2.02 pg/mL, respectively; P = 0.01) and IL-17 (19.69 ± 1.45 vs 29.43 ± 1.50 pg/mL, respectively; P = 0.001) levels were reduced. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and atherosclerosis.