We found that necroptosis, a cysteine-independent form of programmed necrotic cell death, is upregulated in SLE patients and that necroptosis is closely associated with immune inflammation (26), with the pathway-essential RIPK3 promoting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1 β inflammatory response (27) as a way to induce and amplify inflammatory responses. Here, NLRP3 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.