Masson’s trichrome staining and immunostaining revealed that intratracheal aerosolization of bleo caused a pulmonary consolidation in mice, and Pear1 deficiency significantly aggravated collagen accumulation (Fig. 1e, Supplementary Fig. 1d) and increased Pdgfra+ mesenchymal cells (Supplementary Fig. 1d), indicating that Pear1 deficiency may exacerbate PF by aggravating collagen accumulation and mesenchymal cells proliferation. Here, PEAR1 is linked to pemphigus foliaceus.