The SIDD cluster was characterized by young age at onset, low BMI, low insulin secretion (HOMA2-B) and poor glycemic control (high HbA1c); the SIRD cluster had the highest level of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) and high BMI; the MOD cluster had a high BMI with low insulin resistance; and the MARD cluster, like the MOD clusters, had low insulin resistance, but a much lower age of onset of T2D. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.