TSC1 and Miyoshi myopathy: To examine the relationship of MM tumorigenicity and mTORC1, we constitutively activated mTORC1 by genetically ablating the negative upstream regulators, TSC or GATOR1 in RPMI8226 and MM1.S cells using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing for TSC2 and NPRL2 (Fig. S1A, B).