EPO and acute kidney injury: This is consistent with the possibility that Hb is an early indicator of reduced erythropoietin expression following transformation of kidney fibroblasts to profibrotic myofibroblasts10–12 and anaemia as a risk factor for progression from AKI to CKDnt.9 Hb should be evaluated as a source of valuable information on risk of disease progression among workers with leukocyturia.