Moreover, adipokines have negative effects on NAFLD or NASH, such as (1) activation of HSCs (ADIPOQ, LEP, and RETN); (2) recruitment of macrophages (ADIPOQ and NAMPT); and (3) activation of monocytes (ADIPOQ and RARRES2). The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.