Moreover, adipokines have negative effects on NAFLD or NASH, such as (1) activation of HSCs (ADIPOQ, LEP, and RETN); (2) recruitment of macrophages (ADIPOQ and NAMPT); and (3) activation of monocytes (ADIPOQ and RARRES2). This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.