Similar findings were found in Paradowska-Gorycka et al. [15] research, which discovered an increase in creatinine in patients with high TGF-β levels; the study also stated that TGF-β significantly impacts both susceptibility to SLE and the more active stage of the disease through the influence of HLA-DRB1∗52.1 expression. Here, TGFB1 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.