CD28 and atherosclerosis: These genes may play important roles in regulating immune cells, such as monocytes/macrophages, T cells, and B cell subsets, and may serve as potential therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis.[150] As the most important and strongest functional family in costimulatory and coinhibitory pathways, the B7-CD28 family has, not surprisingly, been the potential genetic and pharmacological manipulation target in atherosclerosis.