INS and Alzheimer disease: One study reported that KOK could be applied for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton pathway, and insulin resistance pathway based on pharmacological analysis.[78] Particularly, 8 studies were related to memory impairment and nerves; therefore, KOK is also effective in neurodegenerative diseases.