Immunohistochemical analysis of the secretion of CD31 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) on the wound bed, the production of material neovascularization, and the effectiveness of infection prevention (Pham et al., 2008; Basu et al., 2009; Zhang et al., 2022) (Figure 7D) revealed a large amount of CD31 and a small amount of TNF-α in the FSC/CMCS group after 1 week of healing, indicating that the composite material effectively inhibited inflammatory reactions and promoted angiogenesis. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is infection.