GSVA analysis based on hallmark gene sets showed that tumor-promoting signaling pathways were inhibited in the PTX+CKI group, such as TGF beta signaling, MYC targets variant 1 and MYC targets variant 2 (PTX+CKI vs. saline and PTX+CKI vs. PTX, Figures 9A, B). Here, CHKA is linked to neoplasm.