In summary, our study showed that recombinant IGFBP5 could maintain immune homeostasis by down-regulating Th17 cells and up-regulating Treg cells in mice with DSS-induced colitis, which in turn inhibits the inflammatory progression, attenuates disease activity, cells and decreases the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is colitis.