TLR4 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Alternatively, TLR4 can exert potential anti-tumor activity in NSCLC, with calreticulin (CALR) serving as an antigen characteristically associated with cell death from immune cells (34) Additionally, activation of the CALR-TLR4-MyD88 signaling pathway promotes migration and maturation of DCs, a key step in tumor regression (34).