also confirmed that children with IBD treated with thiopurines had a higher risk of primary EBV infection and developing HLH and suggested to offer functional or genetic testing for XIAP to male patients with EBV-related complications and those with therapy refractory severe CD-like disease during follow-up in a large single center cohort of children with IBD (85). Here, XIAP is linked to Epstein-Barr virus infection.