Very few cases have been reported in patients with IBD who mostly received therapy comprising immunosuppressive agents, including methotrexate (MTX), azathioprine (AZA) or 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), or combination therapy with anti-TNF drugs, including infliximab, adalimumab or golimumab (31, 40, 44–47), though some cases have possibly been misdiagnosed or are unpublished. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.