IGF1 and cryptococcosis: In a previous study, our laboratory showed that both C. neoformans ATCC#32045 and C. gattii ATCC#56992 can reduce the lifespan of C. elegans by regulating the insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling (IIS) pathway and DAF-16 has been shown to play a central role during cryptococcal infections (Kitisin et al., 2022).