In the long term, elevated blood NfL levels seem to be predictive of increased brain atrophy at 5 or even 10 years (Kuhle et al., 2017; Barro et al., 2018; Chitnis et al., 2018; Cantó et al., 2019; Jakimovski et al., 2019; Srpova et al., 2021). The gene discussed is NEFL; the disease is Brain atrophy.