Increased CSF tau protein can present in a variety of diseases accompanied by cognitive dysfunction, including AD, PSP, cortical basal ganglia degeneration, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), CJD and even in patients with uremia and recognition dysfunction, which was correlated with the severity of the disease and the degree of cognitive dysfunction (35–37). The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is Lewy body dementia.