Meanwhile, it has been found that CCR5 is produced in large quantities in human MSCs, and the CCL3/4/5-CCR5 axis promotes tumor progression through the interaction between MSCs and CRC cells, suggesting that CCL3/4/5 secreted by MSCs may be an important factor in the interaction between MSCs and colorectal cancer cells in TME (64)(Table 1 NO.7). Here, CCR5 is linked to neoplasm.