Meanwhile, smoking cessation, daytime sleepiness, daytime napping, adult-onset asthma, type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease, ulcerative colitis suggestively causally increased risk of GORD, and strenuous sports or other exercises, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, leptin, and whole body fat-free mass suggestively causally decreased risk of GORD. Here, LEP is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.