TLR4 and influenza: Thus, the TLR4, CD14, MyD88, and NF-κB p65 in TLR4/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway, HIF1 α, VEGF, IL17A, and IL6 in HIF-1α/IL17 signaling pathway may be the targets responsible for the anti-inflammatory function of HSSD in treating influenza.